·糖尿病与妊娠·

　　【摘要】 目的 了解象山半岛地区妊娠期糖代谢异常的发病率,探讨孕妇年龄、BMI及胎产次对50 g葡萄糖筛查试验(50 gGCT)、IGT、妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)发病率的影响。方法 选择常规产检并自愿接受调查的孕妇965名，分别在孕13周内监测FPG，于24~28周进行GCT试验，发现GCT阳性者进一步做OGTT，根据结果诊断为GDM及IGT。结果 965名孕妇GCT阳性检出率22.80%，GDM的发病率为2.69%，GIGT的检出率为3.52%。妊娠期糖代谢异常疾病的发病率与孕妇年龄的增加、妊娠次数的增多、BMI上升呈正比，而与孕妇本人的出生体重呈负相关。  结论   高龄、肥胖、出生低体重、多次妊娠是妊娠期糖代谢异常疾病的高危因素，加强孕前咨询，提倡计划妊娠，控制孕期体重很有必要。

　　【关键词】 妊娠期糖尿病;葡萄糖负荷试验、耐量试验;孕妇年龄、孕产次、出生体重、体重指数

Analysis on the affecting factors of pregnancy glycometabolic abnormalities in the region of Xiangshan peninsula WU Mei-fei, XU Dan. Maternity and Children Health Hospital of Xiangshan County, Xiangshan 315700, China

　　【Abstract】Objective To understand the incidence of glycometabolic abnormalities during pregnancy in the region of Xiangshan peninsula, to study the influence of age, BMI, and how-many-times of pregnancy and delivery of gravida on the glucose challenge test (GCT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods The 965pregnant women having routine antenatal examinations who were volunteers to receive the survey were enrolled in this trial. They were given the measurement of FPG in the 13th week and the GCT in the 24th ~28th week of pregnancy. Those who had a GCT positive result would be given an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for confirmation, according to the result of which, the diagnosis of GDM and IGT would be made. Results Of the 965 cases, the positive detectable rate of GCT was 22.80%, the incidence of GDM was 2.69%, the detectable rate of gestational impaired glucose tolerance (GIGT) was 3.52%. The incidence of glucose metabolism abnormalities was positively associated with the increased age of gravida, increased pregnancy times, and BMI increase, and negatively with the pregnant women's own birth weight. Conclusion Increased age, obesity, low birth weight, and multiple pregnancy are the high risk factors of the incidence of glucose metabolism abnormalities. It is necessary to strengthen the preconception counseling, advocate planning pregnancy, and control body weight during pregnancy.

　　【Key words】Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM); Glucose loading test; Glucose tolerance test; Age of gravida; How-many-times of pregnancy and delivery; Birth weight; Body mass index (BMI)