【摘要】 胰岛α细胞分泌的胰升糖素是升高血糖的重要激素之一。胰升糖素样肽-1(GLP-1)参与机体血糖的稳态调节，其机制包括抑制胰岛α细胞的胰升糖素分泌。然而，体内的GLP-1极易被二肽基肽酶IV(DPP-4)所降解。DPP-4抑制剂可选择性抑制DPP-4的活性，减少内源性GLP-1的降解，可作为治疗T2DM的一类新型药物。

　　【关键词】胰岛α细胞;胰升糖素;GLP-1;DPP-4抑制剂;糖尿病，2型

　　New anti-diabetic agents — DPP-4 inhibitors: Viewing the advance of treatment for T2DM from pancreatic a-cells HONG Tian-pei. Department of Endocrinology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China

　　【Summary】 Glucagon secreted from the pancreatic islet α cells is one of the factors resulting in elevated blood glucose. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has an important role in the maintenance of blood glucose homeostasis through several mechanisms including inhibition of glucagon secretion from islet α cells. However, endogenous intact GLP-1 is degraded by dipeptidyl peptidease-4 (DPP-4) into inactive forms. DPP-4 inhibitors selectively block the activity of DPP-4 and prevent endogenous GLP-1 from quick inactivation. Therefore, DPP-4 inhibitors have been used as new agents for the treatment of T2DM.

　　【Key word】Pancreatic islet α cells; Glucagon; Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1); DPP-4 inhibitors; Diabetes mellitus, type 2