·文献综述·

　　【摘要】 microRNA(miRNA)是一类非编码单链小RNA，调控基因转录后的表达。miRNA表达模式具有位相性和时序性。作为一种广泛存在的对基因表达能够进行微调的分子，miRNA通过网络调控方式，可从整体上调控生物体的生命活动。近年研究发现，miRNA在糖尿病发生发展中起重要作用。本文就miRNA在胰腺及胰岛素作用靶器官的作用做一综述。

　　【关键词】 microRNA;糖尿病;基因表达调控;胰腺;胰岛素作用靶组织

　　【Summary】 microRNAs (miRNAs) is a short non-coding RNAs that repress target gene expression via post-transcriptional mechanisms. Emerging evidence shows that they have diverse cellular and biological functions and play key roles in several diseases. This review explores the role of miRNAs in the pathology of diabetic mellitus.

　　【Key words】 microRNA(miRNA); Diabetes mellitus; Regulation of gene expression;Pancreas; Target tissues of insulin action