【摘要】 目的 了解新疆地区汉族和哈萨克族糖尿病流行现状及影响因素分析。 方法 整群随机抽取新疆石河子市周边及喀什地区18岁以上汉族和维吾尔族常驻居民8000名，行问卷调查、体格检查及生化检测。 结果 汉族和维吾尔族男、女性及总糖尿病患病率分别为8.14%、7.77%、7.93%和2.36%、2.55%、2.45%，标化率分别为6.40%、7.06%、6.66%和2.15%、2.55%、2.38%。汉族超重、肥胖人群中糖尿病患病率高于维吾尔族(8.58% vs 3.04%，11.47% vs 3.38%，P<0.05)。年龄、肥胖、高血压为汉族和维吾尔族人群糖尿病患病共同的危险因素。 结论 汉族糖尿病患病率高于维吾尔族，可针对不同民族生活方式、膳食结构和糖尿病患病危险因素差异，有针对性预防糖尿病发生。

　　【关键词】 汉族;维吾尔族;糖尿病;患病率;危险因素

　　【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors for diabetes mellitus of Han and Uygur populations in Xinjiang. Methods 8000 cases of Han and Uygur residents aged 18 years and over were randomly selected from Shihezi surrounding towns and Kashi region in Xinjiang. Questionnaire, physical examination and laboratory test were performed in all subjects. Results The prevalence rates of DM in male, female and all subjects were 8.14%、7.77%、7.93% and 2.36%、2.55%、2.45% in Han and Uygur respectively, Standardized rates were 6.40%、7.06%、6.66% and 2.15%、2.55%、2.38% respectively . The prevalence rates of DM in overweight and obesity Han were higher than in Uygur(8.58% vs 3.04%，11.47% vs 3.38%，P<0.05). Age, obesity and hypertension were the risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus in Han and Uighur. Conclusion The prevalence rates of DM is higher in Han than in Uygur, for different ethnic lifestyles, different diet DM in the region in the future and the risk factors differences, targeted prevention DM occur.

　　【Key words】 Han; Uygur; Diabetes mellitus; Prevalence; Risk factor